Machine for rolling metal



, /f MM;

N.PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER WASHINGTON D C i UNITED VSTATESPATENToF-Ficn.

HENRY MANN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING METAL.

Specification forming part ot' Letters Patent No. 46,37 I, datedFebruary 14, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY F. MANN, of the city of Pittsburg, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in the Arrangement of Rolls for Rollin g andStretching Metals; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-Figure l is a front elevation of a set of rolls arranged in the mannerwhich I propose. Fig. 2 is an end view or elevation of the housing androlls shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the rolls atright angles to their axis through the line x Fig. 1. Fig. 4 representsa modification of my invention, being a cross-section of a set of rollsWhere two small-diameter working-rolls are employed. Fig. 5 representsanother modifica tion of my improvement, being a cross-section` througha set of rolls, and illustrating the difterence between my arrangementand tha-t ordinarily adopted. Fig. 6 is a cross-section through a set ofrolls arranged in the manner in use before my invention.

To enable others skilled in the art to make use ot my invention, I willproceed to describe the construction and operation of my improvemint.

My improvement is applicable to the arrangement of rolls for rolling,stretching, or forming sheets, bars', or pieces of iron, copper, orother metal, well known as three-high7 rolls, as well as to the morecommon arrangement of a pair of rolls. ln either case the horizontalaxes of the working-rolls are situated in the same vertical plane, andcolisequently their points of contact are in the same plane. It ismanifest, therefore, that the number of rolls high (of working-rolls)which constitute the set forms no partof my invention.

In the rolling of metals, especially in the formation of sheet metal andhoop-iron, it is well known and has been for many years that theemployment of rolls of small diameter is very advantageous, turning outmuch better work than where rolls of large diameter are employed. 'Ihereason of this is that, as in stretching or shaping metals by means ofrolls the rolls sink into the body of the metal, the rolls of largediameter present practically a broader surface to the metal passing beAtween them, or, in other words, the metalbeing rolled comes in contactwith more of the surface of the roll than is the ease with rolls of lessdiameter. The consequence is that the metals are more easily and rapidlyreduced and stretched by rolls of small than by rolls of largerdiameter, and that the work can be more efficiently and rapidly eifectedand with less power with the small rolls.

In rolling heavysheets or plates of iron, however, rolls of smalldiameter will not an. swer the purpose when used in the ordinary way,because the small roll will spring in the middle and thus produce faultywork. The same difliculty is also experienced where sheet metal isrolled, the width of the shect requiring too great a length of rolls andcon.-

sequent distance between the housings to per-v mit theuse ofsmall-diameter rolls, for where the rolls are long they will, if ofsmall diameter, yield in the center, as before described, and roll outthe metal of uneven thick ness, stretching it more at the edges than infthe center of the sheet.

My invention is designed to remedy the difficulty and enable one or morerolls of small diameter to be used, of any required lengt-h, with thesame ease as the larger-sized rolls, and with greater advantage.

Before explaining the mede in which I put my invention in practice, Iwill proceed to ex-` plain the method heretofore practiced, with. ajView to obviating the difficulty experienced in the use of long rolls ofsmall diameter.

Fig. 6 represents two small-diameter rolls, aH

a', with two rolls of larger diameter, b b', all placed with their axesin the same vertical plane. The rolls b b are of sufficiently largediameter to sustain the pressure on the sin allerdiameter rolls a a',caused by the passage of the metal between the two small rolls, orbetween one of the larger rolls b and one of the.

smaller rolls @,but as these rolls only touch at the tangential pointthe effect of the pressure of the rolls as the metal sheet passesbetween them is to cause the two small rolls to yield horizontally inthe direction in which the metal sheet or plate is passing, and theeffect y of this springing of the small rolls out from between thelarger rolls is to destroy their eiiciency. l

The same consequence results from the use Fig. 2,) and the pressure o1tne screws li, nei lng applied to the bearing-block e, is communicatedby the supporting rolls d (l to the upper small-diameter roll, a. Theaxes of each pair of supportingrolls are a little farther apart than thediameter of those rolls,' so that their peripheries may not touch eachother, but they both revolve in contact with' the small-diameterworking-roll, which they support. The surface speed of thesupportingrolls el d is the same as that of the small-di` ameteroperative roll a, although the diameter may differ.

A modication of the arrangement just described, or, rather, anadaptation of the supporting-rolls to the use of two smalldiameterrolls, is shown in the sectional Figs. 3 and 4. In the former figure alarge diameter workingroller is placed inconnectionwith two small-`diameter working-rollers, a and a', in which case the metal plate c, tobe operated upon, is passed in one direction (see arrows 2) between theupper small-diameter roll, a, and the largediameter working-roll g, andis returned in the reverse direction (see arrows 3) between thelargediameter working-roll g and the lower small-diameter roll a. Abovethe upper small-diameter roll, a, are placed two supl porting-rolls, dd, arranged as in Fig. 5, and,-

two supporting-rolls, d d', areplaced `below the lower small-diameterroll, a', their journals turning in bearings in the lower part of thehousing, as shown in Fig. 2. a

Fig. 4 illustrates the mode of arranging the rolls where` twosmallediameter rolls, a a', are

used without the intermediate large-diameter workingfroll, g. Therelative situation ofthe supporting-rolls (1 d and d d to the twosmallandy 1n the direction or tue arrow z 1n ,n ig. 3, or between therolls a anda in the d1rec tion of the arrow 4 in Fig. 4, the `upwardpress-1,

y 1. ,The use of' two supporting-rolls or their` equivalent,` placedwith their surfaces in contact with that of small-diameterworkinglrollsy placed above the upper small-diameter workf ing-rollandbelow the lower one, whether an intermediate roll of larger diameteris used or, not, for the purpose of supportingfvorkingrolls of vvsmall`diameter .for rolling metallic sheets, bars, or plates, substantiallsrinthe manner hereinbefore described.

2. Theuse of two small-diameter rolls,in.

combination with an intermediate roll oflarger diameter, thesmall-diameter rolls beingdsup:4 ported as hereinbefore described, theterm` small diameter7 being used relativelyfto the diameter of thelarger roll, and not, as otherwise,` limiting or defining the diameterof` the smaller rolls. g

In testimony whereofI, the saidHENRY F. MANN, have hereunto set my hand.

` H. F. MANN.4

Witnesses:

W. BAKEWELL, WM. D. LEWIS.

